SMC電磁閥老是毛病不斷，如何正確處理呢？

　　SMC電磁閥(fa)老是毛病不斷，如何正確處(chu)理(li)呢？

　　?說到SMC電磁閥，如今在(zai)工(gong)業(ye)應用十分常(chang)見(jian)，特別是(shi)在(zai)石油(you)、化(hua)工(gong)行業(ye)，很(hen)多工(gong)藝管道都(dou)要安裝開關閥，又因為(wei)工(gong)作(zuo)現場非(fei)常(chang)危(wei)險，相比其它行業(ye)對安全要求更為(wei)苛刻(ke)，大型的(de)化(hua)工(gong)企業(ye)有(you)專門(men)的(de)儀表(biao)工(gong)，小(xiao)型的(de)基本上都(dou)是(shi)電工(gong)來(lai)負責(ze)日常(chang)管理與維護。

　　這里(li)說(shuo)的就(jiu)是(shi)在(zai)這行業(ye)常(chang)用(yong)的氣(qi)動(dong)(dong)電(dian)磁(ci)(ci)閥，有的貼(tie)氣(qi)缸安(an)裝(zhuang)，有的在(zai)氣(qi)缸旁邊采用(yong)支架(jia)安(an)裝(zhuang)。氣(qi)動(dong)(dong)電(dian)磁(ci)(ci)閥能(neng)夠在(zai)這些(xie)高(gao)危行業(ye)應(ying)用(yong)廣(guang)泛(fan)，具有防(fang)火、防(fang)爆、安(an)全性(xing)好(hao)、無污(wu)染(ran)等(deng)*性(xing)，是(shi)其(qi)它傳(chuan)動(dong)(dong)部(bu)件不具備的。基(ji)本組成(cheng)分(fen)電(dian)磁(ci)(ci)部(bu)件和閥體電(dian)磁(ci)(ci)部(bu)件；定鐵芯、動(dong)(dong)鐵芯，線圈。閥體；滑(hua)閥芯、滑(hua)閥套、彈簧底座。

　　兩(liang)(liang)位(wei)三通(tong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)閥(fa)、兩(liang)(liang)位(wei)四通(tong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)閥(fa)、兩(liang)(liang)位(wei)五通(tong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)閥(fa)的基本概(gai)述。兩(liang)(liang)位(wei)三通(tong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)閥(fa)工(gong)(gong)作過程；線(xian)(xian)圈得電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，線(xian)(xian)圈勵磁(ci)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)鐵吸合，動鐵芯上部帶電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)彈(dan)簧的密封塊借助彈(dan)簧壓力將排(pai)(pai)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)口(kou)關(guan)閉，壓縮(suo)空氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)從進(jin)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)口(kou)進(jin)入(ru)閥(fa)門(men)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)缸，起到控(kong)制作用(yong)。失電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)力消(xiao)失，動鐵芯在彈(dan)簧作用(yong)力下離(li)開固定鐵芯向下移動，將排(pai)(pai)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)口(kou)打開，進(jin)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)口(kou)關(guan)閉，閥(fa)門(men)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)缸因失氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)而(er)改變(bian)狀態。兩(liang)(liang)位(wei)四通(tong)、兩(liang)(liang)位(wei)五通(tong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)閥(fa)工(gong)(gong)作原理與上述的原理相同，只是(shi)(shi)排(pai)(pai)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)口(kou)數(shu)不同。這里說的兩(liang)(liang)位(wei)的含義；對電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)閥(fa)自身來(lai)說，就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)通(tong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)和(he)失電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，對所控(kong)制的閥(fa)門(men)來(lai)說，就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)開與關(guan)。幾通(tong)的含義；指的是(shi)(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)閥(fa)的氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)孔數(shu)，拿到實物一(yi)看一(yi)目了(le)然。

　　SMC電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)閥(fa)的(de)供(gong)(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)有220V供(gong)(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)和24V供(gong)(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，在高危行業采用(yong)24V供(gong)(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)居多。綜合來說，各(ge)有各(ge)的(de)的(de)優勢。采用(yong)220V供(gong)(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)，不利(li)于(yu)現(xian)場(chang)防爆(bao)，但(dan)有利(li)于(yu)遠距(ju)(ju)離傳輸。原因是供(gong)(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓高，傳輸電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)造成(cheng)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓降不會影響到電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)閥(fa)正常工(gong)作。采用(yong)24V供(gong)(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)，利(li)于(yu)現(xian)場(chang)防爆(bao)，但(dan)傳輸距(ju)(ju)離較(jiao)遠，得考慮傳輸電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓降對電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)閥(fa)工(gong)作的(de)影響。因此，就要根(gen)據(ju)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)閥(fa)工(gong)作電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓來計算傳輸電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)最大(da)允許長度。

　　例如采(cai)用24V供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁閥(fa)工(gong)(gong)作電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓為20V，線(xian)(xian)路(lu)最(zui)(zui)大(da)(da)允(yun)許電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓降4V，額(e)定功率12W，采(cai)用聚氯乙烯絕緣護套控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)，線(xian)(xian)徑2.5mm2，采(cai)用兩線(xian)(xian)制(zhi)(zhi)。計算電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁閥(fa)工(gong)(gong)作電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)I＝0.5A允(yun)許控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)最(zui)(zui)大(da)(da)長(chang)度L的計算通過(guo)(guo)查表，得知控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)最(zui)(zui)大(da)(da)直流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻7.1Ω/Km，又因為線(xian)(xian)路(lu)產生電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓降的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻R＝8Ω，因此(ci)，最(zui)(zui)大(da)(da)允(yun)許控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)長(chang)度為1.079Km。又因為采(cai)用的是兩線(xian)(xian)制(zhi)(zhi)控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)，因此(ci)每根控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)長(chang)度為539m。通過(guo)(guo)理論(lun)計算，得知電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁閥(fa)不低于正常工(gong)(gong)作電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓20V時(shi)，采(cai)用2.5mm2的線(xian)(xian)傳(chuan)輸距離最(zui)(zui)長(chang)可達到539m。

　　SMC電磁閥應(ying)用過(guo)程常(chang)見故障

　　SMC電磁(ci)閥(fa)接線(xian)(xian)頭松動(dong)及(ji)脫落，線(xian)(xian)圈(quan)燒壞，電磁(ci)閥(fa)卡(ka)(ka)住。電磁(ci)閥(fa)接線(xian)(xian)松動(dong)及(ji)脫落，這個從新緊固，對(dui)(dui)于線(xian)(xian)圈(quan)燒壞，看線(xian)(xian)圈(quan)頭子發光二極管的亮滅或用金屬(shu)物(wu)體(ti)插入(ru)線(xian)(xian)圈(quan)孔是否吸合，電磁(ci)閥(fa)線(xian)(xian)圈(quan)損(sun)壞更換。對(dui)(dui)于電磁(ci)閥(fa)卡(ka)(ka)住問題，將滑閥(fa)芯、滑閥(fa)套、彈簧底(di)座(zuo)拆掉，進行清理，清理完成(cheng)再涂抹潤(run)滑脂。原(yuan)因是排氣口沒有(you)裝消音(yin)器，空氣中的雜質進入(ru)閥(fa)門(men)，或者壓縮空氣不(bu)夠干凈，含有(you)雜質，水、油及(ji)其它污垢。

　　解決時(shi)，SMC電磁閥(fa)(fa)排氣(qi)(qi)口沒有裝(zhuang)消音器給予安裝(zhuang)，電磁閥(fa)(fa)進氣(qi)(qi)前段應裝(zhuang)空(kong)(kong)氣(qi)(qi)過濾(lv)(lv)減壓(ya)(ya)閥(fa)(fa)。空(kong)(kong)氣(qi)(qi)過濾(lv)(lv)減壓(ya)(ya)閥(fa)(fa)的好(hao)處，可(ke)以濾(lv)(lv)除雜(za)質(zhi)，吸收壓(ya)(ya)縮(suo)空(kong)(kong)氣(qi)(qi)含(han)有水(shui)、油等，從(cong)而凈化壓(ya)(ya)縮(suo)空(kong)(kong)氣(qi)(qi)，避免對電磁閥(fa)(fa)閥(fa)(fa)體及(ji)氣(qi)(qi)缸帶來不可(ke)必要(yao)的損壞。

　　SMC電磁閥(fa)除了上述之外還可(ke)以進行(xing)調(diao)壓(ya)。一般(ban)工(gong)廠(chang)所用的(de)(de)壓(ya)縮(suo)空氣(qi)(qi)(qi)為(wei)10公斤，即為(wei)1MPa。如果沒(mei)有安裝空氣(qi)(qi)(qi)過(guo)濾(lv)減壓(ya)閥(fa)進行(xing)調(diao)壓(ya)，對氣(qi)(qi)(qi)缸的(de)(de)損害程(cheng)度大，而且不利(li)于開(kai)關速度的(de)(de)控(kong)制(zhi)。通(tong)常情況，閥(fa)門(men)的(de)(de)工(gong)作氣(qi)(qi)(qi)源(yuan)壓(ya)力在0.4MPa左(zuo)右即可(ke)滿足閥(fa)門(men)的(de)(de)開(kai)關需求(qiu)，因此(ci)從空壓(ya)站過(guo)來的(de)(de)壓(ya)縮(suo)空氣(qi)(qi)(qi)必(bi)須進行(xing)降壓(ya)處理，調(diao)到(dao)適(shi)合閥(fa)門(men)動作的(de)(de)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)壓(ya)，從而更好的(de)(de)保護(hu)閥(fa)門(men)和開(kai)關速度的(de)(de)控(kong)制(zhi)。

　　SMC電磁閥(fa)在(zai)使用中想(xiang)達到性能穩定，使用壽命長久，除了要提高(gao)閥(fa)門的質量，還有(you)就(jiu)是附件(jian)的配套也是非常重要的，在(zai)這(zhe)里給大家介紹(shao)下氣動(dong)閥(fa)門的幾個主(zhu)要附件(jian)配套的工(gong)作原理和用途。

　　SMC電磁閥(fa)(fa)(fa)是自控系統中(zhong)檢測閥(fa)(fa)(fa)門(men)(men)(men)狀態的(de)一(yi)種現場(chang)儀表，用以將閥(fa)(fa)(fa)門(men)(men)(men)的(de)開(kai)啟或關閉(bi)(bi)位置以開(kai)關量（觸點）的(de)信(xin)號輸(shu)出，被(bei)程(cheng)控器接受或計(ji)算(suan)機尋訪采樣，確認后執(zhi)行下一(yi)程(cheng)序。該(gai)產品也可作為(wei)自系統中(zhong)重(zhong)要(yao)(yao)閥(fa)(fa)(fa)門(men)(men)(men)聯鎖保護(hu)及遠程(cheng)報警指示之用。限(xian)位開(kai)關是遠距離傳(chuan)送(song)閥(fa)(fa)(fa)門(men)(men)(men)打開(kai)或關閉(bi)(bi)的(de)信(xin)號，在易燃易爆(bao)的(de)特殊場(chang)合要(yao)(yao)選(xuan)用防爆(bao)限(xian)位開(kai)關。

　　SMC電(dian)磁(ci)閥工(gong)作原理(li)：

　　配(pei)氣動(dong)閥(fa)(fa)(fa)門的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)磁閥(fa)(fa)(fa)主要(yao)有二(er)位(wei)(wei)五通(tong)(tong)(tong)和二(er)位(wei)(wei)三(san)通(tong)(tong)(tong)這兩種。二(er)位(wei)(wei)五通(tong)(tong)(tong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)磁閥(fa)(fa)(fa)通(tong)(tong)(tong)常與雙(shuang)作(zuo)用(yong)氣動(dong)執(zhi)行機構配(pei)套(tao)使(shi)用(yong)，二(er)位(wei)(wei)三(san)通(tong)(tong)(tong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)磁閥(fa)(fa)(fa)與單作(zuo)用(yong)氣動(dong)執(zhi)行機構配(pei)套(tao)使(shi)用(yong)，氣動(dong)閥(fa)(fa)(fa)門是通(tong)(tong)(tong)過電(dian)(dian)(dian)磁閥(fa)(fa)(fa)得電(dian)(dian)(dian)或者斷(duan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)來切(qie)換(huan)氣源(yuan)的(de)(de)進氣與出氣從而達到閥(fa)(fa)(fa)門的(de)(de)開啟(qi)和關閉的(de)(de)功能，電(dian)(dian)(dian)磁閥(fa)(fa)(fa)有單電(dian)(dian)(dian)控電(dian)(dian)(dian)磁閥(fa)(fa)(fa)和雙(shuang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)控電(dian)(dian)(dian)磁閥(fa)(fa)(fa)。在易燃易爆的(de)(de)特(te)殊(shu)場(chang)合要(yao)選(xuan)用(yong)防(fang)爆電(dian)(dian)(dian)磁閥(fa)(fa)(fa)。

　　SMC電磁(ci)閥三(san)聯件工作原理：

　　SMC電磁閥(fa)(fa)是(shi)(shi)氣(qi)(qi)源(yuan)處(chu)理件氣(qi)(qi)壓傳動系(xi)統中(zhong)，氣(qi)(qi)動三聯件是(shi)(shi)指(zhi)空(kong)氣(qi)(qi)過濾器(qi)、減(jian)壓閥(fa)(fa)和油(you)霧(wu)器(qi)。減(jian)壓器(qi)主要是(shi)(shi)對(dui)氣(qi)(qi)源(yuan)穩壓，可以調節氣(qi)(qi)缸壓力的大小，壓力越大閥(fa)(fa)門開(kai)關的速度就越快(kuai)，使得(de)閥(fa)(fa)門摩擦力增加，容易損壞(huai)密封圈，從而影響閥(fa)(fa)門的使用(yong)(yong)壽命(ming)；過濾器(qi)和油(you)霧(wu)器(qi)可以過濾空(kong)氣(qi)(qi)中(zhong)的雜質，清(qing)潔及對(dui)氣(qi)(qi)缸自動添加潤滑劑(ji)，所以，我(wo)們(men)建議用(yong)(yong)戶一個閥(fa)(fa)門配套一個三聯件，這樣(yang)能更(geng)好的維護氣(qi)(qi)動執行器(qi)，使用(yong)(yong)時間更(geng)長(chang)久。

　　因而(er)既能(neng)用(yong)在(zai)真空(kong)(kong)狀態(tai)下，也能(neng)在(zai)低壓(ya)狀態(tai)下使用(yong)，并可任意位(wei)(wei)置安裝。氣動高真空(kong)(kong)球閥(fa)(fa)(fa)可選配反饋(kui)信號裝置及電氣閥(fa)(fa)(fa)門定位(wei)(wei)器。氣動高真空(kong)(kong)球閥(fa)(fa)(fa)是通(tong)過電磁換向(xiang)閥(fa)(fa)(fa)改變(bian)氣路(lu)方向(xiang)，控制執行氣缸(gang)來取驅(qu)動球閥(fa)(fa)(fa)，達到(dao)接通(tong)或(huo)切(qie)斷(duan)真空(kong)(kong) ( 壓(ya)力 ) 系統管(guan)道中的(de)(de)介(jie)(jie)質(zhi)流(liu)。 廣(guang)泛適用(yong)的(de)(de)工(gong)作介(jie)(jie)質(zhi)為帶酸、堿性的(de)(de)氣體(ti)或(huo)液(ye)體(ti)等正、負(fu)壓(ya)力管(guan)道系統，符合GMP標準。

　　SMC電(dian)磁(ci)閥安裝說明：

　　1、SMC電磁閥前后(hou)管(guan)(guan)線已準(zhun)備好。前后(hou)管(guan)(guan)道應(ying)(ying)同軸，兩(liang)法蘭密封(feng)面應(ying)(ying)平行。管(guan)(guan)道應(ying)(ying)能承受球閥的重量，否則(ze)管(guan)(guan)道上必須配有(you)適當(dang)的支(zhi)撐。

　　2、把(ba)閥前后管(guan)(guan)線吹掃干凈，清(qing)除掉管(guan)(guan)道內的(de)油(you)污、焊(han)渣和一切其它雜質。

　　3、核對球閥(fa)的標(biao)志，查明(ming)球閥(fa)完好無損。將閥(fa)全開全閉數次證實其工(gong)作正常。

　　4、拆去(qu)球閥兩(liang)端連接(jie)法蘭上的(de)保護件。

　　5、檢查閥(fa)(fa)孔清除可能(neng)有的污物，然后(hou)清洗閥(fa)(fa)孔。閥(fa)(fa)座與球(qiu)之間即(ji)使僅有微小(xiao)顆粒的異物也可能(neng)會(hui)損傷閥(fa)(fa)座密封(feng)面。

　　6、把(ba)閥裝(zhuang)(zhuang)上(shang)(shang)管(guan)線。閥的(de)(de)任何(he)一端都(dou)可裝(zhuang)(zhuang)在上(shang)(shang)游端。用手(shou)柄驅動的(de)(de)閥可安裝(zhuang)(zhuang)在管(guan)道(dao)上(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)任意位置。但帶有齒(chi)輪箱或氣動驅動器的(de)(de)球閥應直(zhi)立安裝(zhuang)(zhuang)，即安裝(zhuang)(zhuang)在水(shui)平管(guan)道(dao)上(shang)(shang)，且驅動裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置處于(yu)管(guan)道(dao)上(shang)(shang)方。

　　7、閥(fa)法(fa)蘭與(yu)管線(xian)法(fa)蘭間按管路設計要(yao)求裝上密封墊。

　　8、法蘭上的螺栓需對稱、逐(zhu)次(ci)、均(jun)勻擰緊。

　　9、連接氣動管線（采用氣動驅動器時）。

　　10、操(cao)作(zuo)驅動器啟、閉球閥(fa)數次，應靈活(huo)無(wu)滯澀，證實其工作(zuo)正(zheng)常。

　　11、按(an)管(guan)(guan)路(lu)設計(ji)要求對管(guan)(guan)道(dao)與球閥間的(de)法蘭結(jie)合(he)面進行(xing)密封性能(neng)檢(jian)查(cha)。

　　SMC電(dian)磁閥(fa)照片

　　SMC電(dian)磁閥的(de)性(xing)能特(te)點：

　　1、密封(feng)結構(gou)設計，漏率可達到＜1×10-10Pa.M3/S，改變了(le)球閥(fa)不能滿足高真空(kong)(kong)、超高真空(kong)(kong)的現(xian)狀；

　　2、開關(guan)扭矩小(xiao)，配置氣動執行器小(xiao)，工作穩定、可靠(kao)；

　　3、結構緊(jin)湊，重量輕，外形簡潔、美(mei)觀；

　　4、該閥既能適(shi)用(yong)高真空，又能適(shi)用(yong)一定的正壓力(li)下使用(yong)；

　　5、由于球(qiu)閥全通(tong)導，又能達到超高真空要求(qiu)，所(suo)以(yi) 也能適用于加(jia)速器真空系統。