TURCK溫度傳感器，德國圖爾克傳感器

TURCK溫度傳感器兩種不同的導體和半導體A和B組成個回路，其兩端相互連接時，只要兩結點處的溫度不同，端溫度為T，稱為工作端或熱端，另端溫度為TO，稱為自由端（也稱參考端）或冷端，則回  溫度傳感器
路(lu)中(zhong)(zhong)就有(you)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)產(chan)(chan)生(sheng)，如圖2-1（a）所示，即回(hui)(hui)路(lu)中(zhong)(zhong)存在(zai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動勢(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)稱(cheng)為熱(re)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動勢(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)。這種(zhong)由于(yu)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)不(bu)(bu)(bu)同而(er)產(chan)(chan)生(sheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動勢(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)現(xian)象稱(cheng)為塞(sai)(sai)貝(bei)克效應(ying)(ying)。與塞(sai)(sai)貝(bei)克有(you)關的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)效應(ying)(ying)有(you)兩(liang)(liang)個：其，當(dang)有(you)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)流(liu)過(guo)兩(liang)(liang)個不(bu)(bu)(bu)同導(dao)(dao)體(ti)(ti)(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)連接(jie)(jie)(jie)處(chu)(chu)時(shi)此處(chu)(chu)便吸(xi)收或放(fang)出(chu)熱(re)量(liang)（取決(jue)于(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)方向(xiang)(xiang)），稱(cheng)為珀爾帖效應(ying)(ying)；其二，當(dang)有(you)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)流(liu)過(guo)存在(zai)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)梯度(du)(du)(du)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)導(dao)(dao)體(ti)(ti)(ti)時(shi)，導(dao)(dao)體(ti)(ti)(ti)吸(xi)收或放(fang)出(chu)熱(re)量(liang)（取決(jue)于(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)相對于(yu)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)梯度(du)(du)(du)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)方向(xiang)(xiang)），稱(cheng)為湯姆遜效應(ying)(ying)。兩(liang)(liang)種(zhong)不(bu)(bu)(bu)同導(dao)(dao)體(ti)(ti)(ti)或半(ban)(ban)導(dao)(dao)體(ti)(ti)(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)組合(he)稱(cheng)為熱(re)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)偶(ou)。熱(re)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)偶(ou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)熱(re)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)勢(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)EAB（T，T0）是由接(jie)(jie)(jie)觸(chu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)勢(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)和(he)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)差(cha)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)勢(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)合(he)成的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。接(jie)(jie)(jie)觸(chu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)勢(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)是指兩(liang)(liang)種(zhong)不(bu)(bu)(bu)同的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)導(dao)(dao)體(ti)(ti)(ti)或半(ban)(ban)導(dao)(dao)體(ti)(ti)(ti)在(zai)接(jie)(jie)(jie)觸(chu)處(chu)(chu)產(chan)(chan)生(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)勢(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，此電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)勢(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)與兩(liang)(liang)種(zhong)導(dao)(dao)體(ti)(ti)(ti)或半(ban)(ban)導(dao)(dao)體(ti)(ti)(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)性(xing)質及(ji)在(zai)接(jie)(jie)(jie)觸(chu)點(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)有(you)關。溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)差(cha)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)勢(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)是指同導(dao)(dao)體(ti)(ti)(ti)或半(ban)(ban)導(dao)(dao)體(ti)(ti)(ti)在(zai)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)不(bu)(bu)(bu)同的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)兩(liang)(liang)端(duan)(duan)產(chan)(chan)生(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)勢(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，此電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)勢(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)只(zhi)與導(dao)(dao)體(ti)(ti)(ti)或半(ban)(ban)導(dao)(dao)體(ti)(ti)(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)性(xing)質和(he)兩(liang)(liang)端(duan)(duan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)有(you)關，而(er)與導(dao)(dao)體(ti)(ti)(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)長(chang)度(du)(du)(du)、截面(mian)大(da)(da)小(xiao)、沿其長(chang)度(du)(du)(du)方向(xiang)(xiang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)分布無(wu)關。無(wu)論(lun)接(jie)(jie)(jie)觸(chu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)勢(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)或溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)差(cha)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)勢(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)都是由于(yu)集中(zhong)(zhong)于(yu)接(jie)(jie)(jie)觸(chu)處(chu)(chu)端(duan)(duan)點(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子數不(bu)(bu)(bu)同而(er)產(chan)(chan)生(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)勢(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，熱(re)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)偶(ou)測量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)熱(re)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)勢(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)是二者(zhe)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)合(he)成。當(dang)回(hui)(hui)路(lu)斷開時(shi)，在(zai)斷開處(chu)(chu)a，b之(zhi)間便有(you)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動勢(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)差(cha)△V，其極性(xing)和(he)大(da)(da)小(xiao)與回(hui)(hui)路(lu)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)熱(re)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)勢(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)*。并規定在(zai)冷端(duan)(duan)，當(dang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)由A流(liu)向(xiang)(xiang)B時(shi)，稱(cheng)A為正極，B為負(fu)極。實驗表明，當(dang)△V很小(xiao)時(shi)，△V與△T成正比關系。定義△V對△T的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)微分熱(re)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)勢(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)為熱(re)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)勢(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)率(lv)，又稱(cheng)塞(sai)(sai)貝(bei)克系數。塞(sai)(sai)貝(bei)克系數的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)符號和(he)大(da)(da)小(xiao)取決(jue)于(yu)組成熱(re)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)偶(ou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)兩(liang)(liang)種(zhong)導(dao)(dao)體(ti)(ti)(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)熱(re)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)特(te)性(xing)和(he)結點(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)差(cha)。

TURCK溫度傳感器，德國圖爾克傳感器